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THE HINDU

1.

Positive signals emerge from India-China talks

India and China "positively affirmed" the outcome of their dis-engagement agreement on the Line of Actual Control (LAC), as National Security Adviser Ajit Doval met with Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi in Beijing for the first boundary talks between the Special Representatives (SRs) since 2019. During the talks, Mr. Doval and Mr. Wang said that it was important to "draw from the lessons" of the four-year-long military stand-off at the LAC, in order to maintain peace and tranquillity on the border.


2.

Electronic distraction

After consecutive electoral losses, in the Haryana and Maharashtra Assembly elections, the Congress has raised the tempo with regard to its concerns about electronic voting machines (EVM). While there are numerous issues related to the integrity of elections that the Election Commission of India (ECI) needs to come clean on, the risk of electronic tampering with EVMs is not among them.


3.

Section 6A of the Citizenship Act - why it fails Assam

The 4:1 majority ruling by a Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court of India, in October 2024, that upheld the constitutional validity of Section 6A of the Citizenship Act, 1955 is significant. This provision establishes a distinct framework for migrants from the former East Pakistan (Bangladesh) who settled in Assam, allowing them to acquire Indian citizenship if they arrived before March 25, 1971. Section 6A of the Citizenship Act was introduced in 1985 following the Assam Accord, an agreement reached between the Government of India and the leaders of the Assam Movement. The movement arose in response to the migration from East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) into Assam, sparking concerns about the preservation of the local culture, economic strain, and political imbalance.


4.

Strengthening the roots of an agri-carbon market

Carbon markets hold the potential to transform Indian agriculture, turning sustainable farming practices into a lucrative opportunity for farmers while combating climate change. In this, carbon pricing is a critical tool for mitigating climate change. It functions through compliance and voluntary carbon markets. Compliance markets, regulated by governments or international bodies such as the United Nations, impose emissions caps on companies. Carbon markets are gaining momentum. At COP29, in November 2024, for instance, a centralised carbon market under the UN got a green signal. Last year, India announced that it would launch its own compliance and voluntary carbon markets.


5.

Making affordable generics more reliable

Generic drugs are crucial for addressing healthcare affordability in a population marked by significant income disparities. Bioequivalent to branded drugs, generics offer cost-effective alternatives. India leverages economies of scale and low production costs to supply affordable medication domestically and internationally. With out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure at 39.4% of total health expenditure in 2021-22, generics reduce financial burdens and improve treatment adherence. By August 2024, generic medicines worth ₹5,600 crore sold through Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana over a decade saved consumers an estimated ₹30,000 crore.


6.

State water policymaking matters

Chief Minister N. Chandrababu Naidu has recently called for a comprehensive water policy for Andhra Pradesh while reviewing the water resources development. The idea of such a policy must be welcomed. The fledgling state of Andhra Pradesh requires, at any rate, a territorial re-imagining of its water futures especially given the multiple challenges it confronts as a result of its bifurcation a decade ago. Water policymaking at the State level is often underrated, yet it is both desirable and imperative for subnational and national water security. This is so at least for three fundamental reasons.


7.

Foreigners' entry restricted in Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland

The Union Home Ministry has reimposed the Protected Area Regime (PAR) in Manipur, Nagaland, and Mizoram to monitor the movement of foreigners amid "growing security concerns arising out of influx from neighbouring countries", the Manipur government said. From now on, foreigners visiting the three north-eastern States would have to seek prior permission and special permits from the government. The relaxation has been withdrawn after a gap of 14 years.


8.

Formulate policy to manage sacred groves, SC tells govt.

The Supreme Court directed the Centre to create a comprehensive policy for the management of sacred groves across the country. Sacred groves are patches of trees traditionally protected by local communities for their religious and cultural significance. They also contribute to the conservation of the local biodiversity. These small forests are commonly found in Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka and Maharashtra. The recommendation by a Special Bench of Justices B.R. Gavai, S.V.N. Bhatti and Sandeep Mehta was based on a petition highlighting the vanishing groves of Rajasthan.


9.

Gagan Gill, Easterine Kire to get Sahitya Akademi awards

Hindi poet Gagan Gill and English writer Easterine Kire are among the 21 recipients of the annual Sahitya Akademi Awards. Recommended by jury members in 21 languages, the awards recognise works in different categories. Ms. Gill was selected for her book on poetry Main Jab Tak Aai Bahar, Ms. Kire made it to the coveted list for her novel Spirit Nights. The winning list includes eight poetry books, three novels, two short stories, three essays, three works of literary criticism, one play and one research.


10.

Net direct tax collections rise 16.5%

With a little over three months left in 2024-25, W India's net direct tax collections were up 16.5%, crossing 15.82 lakh crore by December 17, with non-corporate taxes leading the growth. Net corporate tax receipts were up just 8.6% to close to ₹7.43 lakh crore, while net collections from non-corporate taxes rose at almost thrice the pace at 22.5% to 7.97 lakh crore, surpassing the corporate receipts.


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